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NSE, BSE, NYSE, NASDAQ - How exchanges work.
A stock exchange is an organized marketplace where securities are bought and sold. In India, we have two major exchanges: NSE (National Stock Exchange, founded 1992) and BSE (Bombay Stock Exchange, founded 1875 - Asia oldest). Globally, NYSE and NASDAQ are the largest.
Major Stock Exchanges
| Exchange | Country | Founded | Market Cap |
|---|---|---|---|
| NYSE | USA | 1792 | $25+ Trillion |
| NASDAQ | USA | 1971 | $20+ Trillion |
| NSE | India | 1992 | $3.5+ Trillion |
| BSE | India | 1875 | $3.5+ Trillion |
The process: 1) Buyer places order through broker → 2) Order goes to exchange → 3) Exchange matches buyer with seller → 4) Trade executed → 5) Settlement in T+1 days (shares transferred). Think of the exchange as an umpire ensuring fair play between buyers and sellers.
Test your understanding. Score 3/5 or higher to mark lesson complete.